The castle is situated on the western side of the Tîrgu-Mureş–Reghin main road, north of the road leading to Glodeni. The construction of the castle was begun by Teleki Sámuel, chancellor of Transylvania and founder of the Teleki Library in Tîrgu Mureș, after his return from his journey of study in Western Europe, right before his marriage to Bethlen Zsuzsanna. The northern wing of the castle was erected between the years 1769 and 1770, while the southern wing was begun in 1773. The work was coordinated by Paul Schmidt (who, in this period also coordinated the construction works of the castle in Gorneşti), but there were other identified craftsmen from Tîrgu Mureş, who participated in the building process: Johann Hoffmann and Friedrich Poch, masons, Győrfi Mihály, carpenter, Henne Tamás (Thomas), finish carpenter, Jacob Mizler, locksmith. Some elements of stonemasonry were done by Josef Hoffmayer, a mason from Cluj.

The image of the castle in Dumbrăvioara is decisively influenced by the central neobaroque corpus. This was built by the great-grandson of the chancellor, Teleki Sámuel, explorer of Eastern Africa, the designer being architect Möller István. With extraordinary architectural talent, he manage to unify through the central wing the existing corpuses, transforming the building complex from what formerly gave the impression of a manor house into a unitary wholeness similar to the castles representative to the baroque era. The execution of the work were coordinated by the entrepreneur Csiszár Lajos, who was especially popular at that time in Tîrgu-Mureş. At the beginning of the 20th century, the castle was one of the most fastuously furnished aristocratic homes in Transylvania.